Southern Magnolia (LA Urban Forest Program)

Southern Magnolia

Magnolia grandiflora

Summary ⁹

Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the southeastern United States, from Virginia south to central Florida, and west to eastern Texas and Oklahoma. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large striking evergreen tree with large dark green leaves and large white fragrant flowers. Widely cultivated around the world, over a hundred cultivars have been bred and marketed commercially. The timber...

Common names ¹⁰

southern magnolia
evergreen magnolia
bull-bay
big-laurel
large-flower magnolia

Description ¹¹

Trees , evergreen, single-trunked, to 37 m. Bark gray, rough, thick, furrowed in thick plates. Pith diaphragmed. Twigs and foliar buds densely red- or white-hairy. Leaves distinctly alternate, not in terminal whorl-like clusters; stipules 2, free, 4.5-13 × 1.5-3.5 cm, abaxially densely brown-silky, sometimes deeply notched. Leaf blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or oblanceolate, (7.5-)13-20(-26) × (4.5-)6-10(-12.5) cm, thick-leathery, base narrowly cuneate, apex abruptly tapered and acute to short-acuminate, rarely obtuse; surfaces abaxially glabrous to densely red-brown felted, adaxially bright green, lustrous, glabrous. Flowers strongly lemony fragrant, 15-30(-45) cm across; spathaceous bracts 2, leathery, outer bract abaxially brown to grayish pilose, deeply notched, smaller, inner bract adaxially densely brown to grayish pilose, shallowly notched, larger; tepals creamy white; stamens (179-)213-383(-405), 16-29 mm; filaments purple; pistils (45-)55-81(-89). Follicetums cylindric to somewhat obovoid, 7-10 × 3.5-5 cm; follicles beaked, sparsely to densely silky-villous. Seeds lenticular to narrowly ellipsoid, (9-)12-14 mm, adaxially slightly grooved, aril red. 2 n =114.

Description ¹²

An evergreen tree, 14-30 m tall; branchlets hoary tomentose, tomentum dwindling with age. Leaves 12-25 cm long, 6-10 cm broad, elliptic-oblong, ovate to obovate, entire, bright green above, usually rusty tomentose beneath, rarely glabrous; apex acute, obtuse or acuminate; base cuneate; stipules forming a long conical sheath covering the bud. Flowers solitary, terminal, 15-25 cm in diameter, fragrant; pedicel stout, l.5-3 cm long; bracts rusty tomentose. Perianth 9-15, concave, the outer broader and longer, oval to ovate, 6-9 cm long, 3-5.5 cm broad, oblanceolate, acuminate. Stamens l.25-2 cm long; filaments bright purple; anthers adnate, yellow, introrse. Carpels l-2 ovuled; fruiting carpels ovate to obovate, 1.5-3 cm long, rusty brown tomen¬tose, dehiscing by dorsal suture. Seeds l-l.25 cm long, obovoid or triangular-obovoid, bright red.

Fuentes y créditos

(c) licensed media from BioImages DwCA without owner, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/../image.php?id=91771
(c) Forest & Kim Starr, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY), https://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/55425.jpg
(c) Ava Babili, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-ND), http://www.flickr.com/photos/50183570@N00/716862864
(c) Forest & Kim Starr, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY), https://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/55376.jpg
(c) Steven J. Baskauf, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY), http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/baskauf/29614
(c) Bruce K. Kirchoff, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY), http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/kirchoff/b5180
(c) Steven J. Baskauf, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY), http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/baskauf/11793
(c) Forest & Kim Starr, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY), https://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/54678.jpg
Adaptado por earthwatchtrees del trabajo de (c) Wikipedia, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-SA), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnolia_grandiflora
Dominio Publico, http://eol.org/data_objects/23370235
(c) Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://eol.org/data_objects/4963859
(c) Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA, algunos derechos reservados (CC BY-NC-SA), http://eol.org/data_objects/4963865