Clusters of white conidia on cedar leaf in a wet spot. Aquatic species.
Conidia mass is white.
Helicoconidia (helicoid) hyaline, measured
*(28.5) 28.51 - 32.7 × 16.2 - 20 µm
Q = (1.5) 1.54 - 1.76 (1.8) ; N = 5
Me = 30.3 × 18.5 µm ; Qe = 1.6
Filament diameter (2) 2.5 - 3.2 (3.3) µm;
Number of coils 6-9;
Direction of coil counter-clockwise.

Genera: Synedra Ehrenberg (1830)
Ehrenberg, C.G (1830). Organisation, Systematik und geographisches Verhältniss der Infusionsthierchen. Zwei Vorträge.1828: 1-108, pls I-VIII; Kupfertafeln.

Phylum Bacillariophyta
Subphylum Bacillariophytina
Class Bacillariophyceae
Subclass Fragilariophycidae
Order Fragilariales
Family: Fragilariaceae (Guiry and Guiry 2023).

Synedra kamtschatica Grunow 1880: 106 (Guiry and Guiry 2023). Name variants: S. Kamtschatica or S. kamtschatica and S. camtschatica. Synedra cf. Kamtschatica Grunow 1862 : 404, pl. V [5]: fig. 6 miscited fig. b. Also see: Synedra kamtschatica Grunow 1880: 106 Cleve, P.T. & Grunow, A. (1880). Beiträge zur Kenntniss der arctischen Diatomeen. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 17(2): 1-121, 7 pls. See: Metzelten, D. and Witkowski, A. (1996).

Summary:
Occasionally found on the eelgrass Zostera marina and collected at Montague Harbour Marine Provincial park (MHMPP), Galiano Island, BC, Canada. Found on collected leaves from July 20, 2020 (SEM), November 15, 2020 (LM) and March 7, 2021 and very rare in a July 6, 2023 sampling. Also found on the Rhodophyata (red algae) Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii, May 26, 2023, at 2.8 m depth, Retreat Cove, Galiano Isl.

Synedra kamtschatica are occasional amongst the similar looking epiphyte Tabularia spp. Though S. kamtschatica frustules have a Tabularia like morphology, they are distinguished by a clear central area, ghost striae and with very wide sternums.

Species description with Galiano specimen data (GI = Galiano Isl. specimens):
Frustules linear in girdle view, valves narrowly lanceolate, gradually narrowing to obtusely rounded apices. 120-400 µm long (GI 81.6-157.2 µm, N = 25), 6-10 µm broad (GI 7.2-12.0 µm, N= 25). A wide sternum, frustule widened in the middle and a transverse rectangular to square central area that reaches the valve margins with or without ‘ghost striae’. Transapical striae close to the marginal zone, very short and parallel, 12-14 in 10 µm (GI 13-15 in 10 µm). Rimoportula at both apices, external opening rectangular pore, internal opening has wide lips a transapical position equidistant to the second striae from the apice. Occellulimbus at each apice (GI ca. 73 pores), two spines on valve margin adjacent to the edges of the occellulimbus. In one specimen there is on each valve a distinct pore on the margin 9 striae from the apice and the same distance as external rimoportula from the occellulimbus. (Witkowski et al. 2000: 79, Pl. 29: 21-22).

These diatoms were identified by A. Witkowski (personal communication) as S. kamtschatica. Synedra kamtschatica was previously observed in the Salish Sea:

Synedra camtschatica Grunow and S. camtschatica var. finnmarchica were reported from False Bay, San Juan Island, Washington as “few in number”: S. camtschatica, 150 µm length, 10-12 µm broad and transapical striae short at 12-14 in 10 µm, striae interrupted in the middle (Rao and Levin, 1976: 183, Fig. 72-73). And from Washington State (Tynni 1986: 14).

A new report for Canadian coastal waters: S. Kamtschatica or S. kamtschatica and its name variant S. camtschatica was not recorded by Mather et al. (2010) to have been previously reported in Canadian waters.

Synedra kamtschatica was previously observed in the Salish Sea: Synedra camtschatica Grunow and S. camtschatica var. finnmarchica were reported from False Bay, San Juan Island, Washington as “few in number”: S. camtschatica, 150 µm length, 10-12 µm broad and transapical striae short at 12-14 in 10 µm, striae interrupted in the middle (Rao and Levin, 1976: 183, Fig. 72-73). And from Washington State (Tynni 1986: 14).

S. Kamtschatica or S. kamtschatica and its name variant S. camtschatica was not recorded by Mather et al. (2010) to have been previously reported in Canadian waters.

A search of BLAST and BOLT shows that S. kamtschatica apparently has not been barcoded. And S. kamtschatica or a signal for Synedra did not show up in the molecular data. The lack of a Synedra signal with a 0-3.4% relative abundance to Tabularia species would suggest either the DNA was not picked or S. kamtschatica is not placed correctly in Synedra, but could be found to be closer to Tabularia or another genus. This discrepancy warrants further investigation by cloning specimens.

The relative abundance of S. kamtschatica to all species of Tabularia is low, 0-3.4% and highly variable across leaves. However, on Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii the relative abundance of S. kamtschatica to all species of Tabularia is high, at 71% (one strew mount slide).

Methods:

Collected by brushing or scrapping leaf sections of Z. marina from MHMPP, August 3, 2020, October 16, 2020, March 7, 2021 and July 2021. In-situ, environmentally prepared samples were made using minimal contact of 8-10 mm leaf section, soaked in ddH2O to remove salts and dried through an EtOH series (50%-100%) and finished off with 100% Hexamethyldisilane HMDS (Hazrin-Chong and Manefield 2012). Mounted on carbon stickies onto aluminum SEM stubs and imaged with either the Hitachi s4800 or TM4000 at AMF, at University of Victoria, B.C. A Nikon TE300 or Nikon E800 with 40x dry or 100x apo NA 1.4. was used for light microscopy. My thanks to Siobhan Schenk and Laura Parfrey in the Parfrey Lab at UBC for molecular data from the eelgrass and collaboration with IMERSS. Also thanks go to Elaine Humphrey of the AMF, UVIC, imaging by Melanie Quenneville, Ron Read and Arjan van Asselt. Relative abundance counting was performed by Rafael Hoekstra and M. Webber. Some imaging and identifications/taxonomy by M. Webber. Gratitude for assistance on confirming the identification from the late Andrzej Witkowski, University of Szczecin, Poland.

References:

Cleve, P.T. & Grunow, A. (1880). Beiträge zur Kenntniss der arctischen Diatomeen. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 17(2): 1-121, 7 pls.

Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2020. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 28 October 2023.

Hustedt, F. (1930). Bacillariophyta (Diatomeae) Zweite Auflage. In: Die Süsswasser-Flora Mitteleuropas. Heft 10. (Pascher, A. Eds), pp. [i]-vii, [1]-466. Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer.

Mather et al. (2010). A Checklist of Diatom Species Reported (and Presumed Native) from Canadian Coastal Waters. Fisheries and Oceans Canada (https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2010/mpo-dfo/Fs97-6-2881-eng.pdf).

Metzelten, D. and Witkowski, A. (1996). Diatomeen der Baren-Insel, Subwasser-und marine. Arten. Tafel 49, Fig. 29, pp. 130-131. Koeltz Scientific Books, Konigstein.

Rao, V.N.R. and Levin, J. 1976. Benthic marine diatom flora of False Bay, San Juan Island, Washington. Syesis, 9:173–213.

Tynni, R. 1986. Observations of diatoms on the coast of the state of Washington. Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 75.

Williams, D.H. & Karthick, B. (2021 ). The correct use of the names Synedra Ehrenberg and Catacombas Williams & Round, a note on the name 'Hystrix Bory 1822', and some suggestions how to tackle the taxonomic relationships of Synedra. Diatom Research 36(2): 107-118.

Permis de recherche scientifique Parc National d'Oka ;

PN0 2023-005

CG3078.
Sur sol argileux, forêt de feuillus (chênes, hêtres, caryers, ormes), Oka.
Chapeau 5 cm diam. méchuleux, brun sur fond plus pâles.
Pied 8 cm longueur x 1 cm épaisseur.
Sporée non obtenue.
Récolteur : Annabelle Langlois
Déterminateur : Yves Lamoureux
Collectionneur : Chantal Gauthier

Voir lien Mycoquebec ;https://www.mycoquebec.org/bas.php?post=lacrymar&l=r&nom=Lacrymaria%20echiniceps%20/%20Psathyrelle%20%C3%A0%20t%C3%AAte%20%C3%A9pineuse&tag=Lacrymaria%20echiniceps&gro=33